3. Laser and arc hybrid heat source welding
Due to the high cost of laser welding, a composite heat source welding technology based on laser is born. Nowadays, the most researched and widely used is the laser-arc hybrid heat source welding technology. The main purpose is to effectively use the arc heat source to obtain a large penetration depth under a small laser power condition, and at the same time improve the adaptability of laser welding to the weld gap. To achieve a high efficiency, high quality welding process. The Harbin Welding Research Institute has done a lot of work in this area. The new welding technology, the current research work is mainly focused on the process characteristics of this welding method, the interaction between laser and arc in the laser + arc composite heat source welding. Problems such as mechanism and characteristics of welding heat sources need to be further studied theoretically. Laser-arc hybrid heat source welding is shown in Figure 4.
Figure 4 Laser-arc hybrid heat source welding
Overall development trend of automotive industry welding
1. Develop welding robot automated flexible production system
From the current development point of view, the automated flexible production system is the development trend of automobile welding, and the industrial robot is widely used in the production of cars due to its automation and flexibility. In terms of welding, six-degree-of-freedom spot welding robots and arc welding robots are mainly used. Moreover, the robot has a welding tongs storage tank, which can automatically grasp the required welding tongs from the storage according to the different requirements of the welding parts or the changes of the welding products. Transmission devices have evolved into more flexible, induction-guided cars that are unmanned.
2. Develop a lightweight combined intelligent automatic welder
In recent years, domestic automobile manufacturers have attached great importance to the automation of welding. For example, the automation rate of 13 production lines of the Jetta body welding shop introduced by FAW is over 80%. Each line is controlled by a computer (programmable controller PLC-3) to automatically transfer and weld the workpiece. The robot's action uses a point-to-point sequence trajectory with a high level of welding automation, which improves working conditions, improves product quality and productivity, and reduces material consumption.
3. Development of computer and information technology
With the industrial application of computers and information technology, the transformation of traditional welding production to a "precision" manufacturing method has been promoted.
The robot welding process simulation technology based on virtual reality modeling provides three-dimensional information about the posture of the workpiece, fixture and robot welding torch. It has been widely used in various aspects such as welding process planning, process parameter optimization and welding fixture design. It has important application value for accelerating the preparation of welding procedures, shortening the on-site debugging time and accurate acquisition of welding process position information. At the same time, simulation techniques are also applied to the evaluation of weld quality and the prediction of stress and deformation after welding. In the design stage of the new model, it is also possible to comprehensively consider the connection mode, fatigue performance and impact performance of various materials, and make applicability evaluation through simulation of the joint.
The welding production process information system based on computer and information technology has very important significance for the quality analysis and optimization of automobile welding production process, enterprise management and decision-making.
In short, the automotive industry is bound to make greater progress by vigorously developing new and efficient welding technologies, new materials, new processes and equipment, application of robotics, lightweight and smart devices and computers and information technology.
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