Gift for Children's Day: Children's First Aid Knowledge

The following work should be done for children with burns:

　 1. When a child burns, there is clothing attached to the affected area, and the attached matter should be peeled off. If the clothes are attached to the child's skin, do not forcibly tear it off.
2. Rinse the affected area with cold water for 15 minutes or apply the ice to the affected area.
3, do not use any ointment or potion to coat the affected area, only cover all affected areas with sterile gauze to avoid infection.
4. Raise the child's burn site and reduce the blood flow in the affected area.
5. If the injury is serious, lay the child in bed and raise the child's lower limbs so that the child's head is inclined to one side to ensure that the blood flows to the vital organs and prevent children from shocking.

The following work should be done for children who have bruised:
1. The impact of the child is not very serious. There are no symptoms such as swelling or difficulty in the affected area. It can be applied to the bloody spots on the skin for about one hour.
2. If the wound is bleeding, use a sterile cotton pad or toilet paper to compress the wound for more than ten minutes. If the wound is not large, after the hemostasis, wash the affected area with cold water and cover the affected area with a band-aid.
3, if the wound is large, or the collision may have tetanus, you should immediately take the child to the hospital to treat the wound, if necessary, to inject tetanus antitoxin to prevent the occurrence of tetanus.
4, if the symptoms are heavier, the affected area is swollen or difficult to move, or the part of the bruise is the head or chest, especially if there is dizziness, vomiting, loss of consciousness, light yellow liquid in the ear and nose, or blood flow, it must be immediately Send the child to the hospital for treatment.

The following work should be done for sprained children:
1. The child with a sprain is lying on the bed. Raise the affected area and apply cold to reduce the swelling of the affected area.
2, put cotton on the affected area, then use bandages to tie the affected area and knot, pay attention not to make the bandage too tight, which is not conducive to blood circulation.
3. Do not touch the injured joint. If the child's affected area has abnormal or severe pain, it means that the child's condition is not limited to a sprain, and a fracture may occur. This should be sent to the hospital immediately.

　　 Parents should do the following for scalded children:
1, should be immediately rinsed with cold water for more than 15 minutes, reduce local temperature, reduce further damage to the wound, reduce pain.
2. If it is foaming, the vesicles can be left untreated. For soya-sized blisters, if the wound surface is also shallow, you can use a sterile scissors to cut the blisters and dry them with sterile cotton balls or gauze.

In order to avoid infection, it is best to go to the hospital for further treatment.
3, because the child's skin is particularly delicate, poor tolerance, often more serious after burns, more prone to infection caused by complications. Therefore, it is best not to take medication on your own, you should go to the hospital as soon as possible.
Error handling:
1. Apply the sesame oil and soy sauce to the wound.
2. Apply the toothpaste to the wound.
3. Apply ointment without the guidance of a doctor.

Five, cut injury

Parents should do the following for children who have been injured:
1, the wound is not deep, just cut a small amount of bleeding on the skin, just use clean water (or light salt water) and soap to clean the affected area, after disinfection with band-aid or sterile gauze to cover the affected area, this can prevent wound infection. When cleaning the wound, be sure to wash out all the dirt from the wound.
2, do not put cotton or other fluffy substances on the wound, because they will stick to the wound day to hinder wound healing;
3, when dressing the wound to ensure that the wound has better breathability, can not be wrapped too tightly.
4, change the dressing every day, the night can allow the affected area to be exposed to the air, which is conducive to the healing of the wound.
5. When the wound is serious, send the child to the hospital and ask the doctor to handle it.

When children have heatstroke, the body temperature can be increased by more than 40 °C, dry skin, flushing, no sweat, dizziness, thirst, nausea, vomiting, irritability, mental temper. Some people lose a lot of salt due to excessive sweating, causing muscle soreness and even paralysis. Severe cases may include convulsions, coma, blood pressure drop, skin bleeding and so on.
Parents should do the following for children with heatstroke:
1. When the child is in heatstroke, parents can use cold water, ice cubes or alcohol to rub the body, or bathe with warm water below the body temperature of 3-5 °C. Or in the child's armpits, the groin to put ice bags, children to enter the cold drink, and strive to lower the body temperature below 38 °C.
2. Try to lower the room temperature.
3, let children drink more water. You can take Huozhen Zhengqi Capsules and other medicines for children.
4, critically ill patients quickly sent to hospital for treatment.

　 　 Biological foreign bodies such as insects enter the external auditory canal when the child sleeps. Insect-like foreign bodies cause unbearable pain and ignorance in children due to crawling turmoil. Children express crying and irritability, occasionally causing dizziness and tinnitus. In severe cases, they may cause impaired membrane damage and affect hearing.
Parents should do the following for children who enter the ear canal:
1. Alcohol or oily liquid can be dripped into the external auditory canal, drown the insects into the insects, and then fix the child to use the deafness to remove it, then wipe the ear canal with a cotton swab.
2. When it is difficult to remove the insects by this method, it should be sent to the hospital immediately.

Parents should do the following for children with foreign bodies in their eyes:
1. Carefully observe whether foreign objects are implanted in the eye.
2. If the foreign body is not implanted in the child's eyes, the mother can open the child's face and let the child look down. Use a sterile cotton swab to gently remove the foreign object.
3. If foreign matter is implanted in the eye, do not move it. Cover it with a child's injured eye with a sterile gauze pad and fix it with gauze or cloth strips and seek medical attention immediately.

　 　 Children with foreign objects in the nose, if not taken out in time, may cause children's breathing difficulties or even suffocation.
Parents should do the following for children with foreign bodies in their noses:
1. When an animal foreign body enters, it may be anesthetized with 1% dicaine and then removed with a nasal forceps.
2. When a large foreign object enters, it should be immediately sent to the hospital for emergency treatment.

　　 Shock is a very dangerous symptom that can be fatal if the patient fails to get timely treatment.
Parents should do the following for children in shock:
1. You must try to get in touch with the hospital as soon as possible, or ask the doctor for first aid.
2. Let the children lie flat. In addition to the head injury, it is necessary to let him take the head low to increase the blood supply to the brain, otherwise the brain will be permanently damaged after 3 to 4 minutes of hypoxia.
3, pay attention to ensure that children's respiratory tract is smooth. Never give children a hot compress because it will cause blood to quickly flow out of the body's organs, posing a danger.
4. Check the pulse of the child at any time and pay close attention to the changes in the child's condition.

Convulsion is a sudden onset of symptoms caused by abnormal brain reaction, short-term systemic convulsions or local limb convulsions. Before the startle, the child may cry out loud, then lose consciousness, the whole body is purple, and hold his breath. After a few seconds, the limbs begin to flex and shake, which may be accompanied by incontinence. This symptom may last for a few minutes.
Parents should do the following for the horrified children:
1. Let the child lie flat and rub his head to one side to prevent the tongue from falling and the oral secretions from flowing back to block the trachea.
2. Padded towels or handkerchiefs between the upper and lower teeth to prevent biting.
3. Give the head physical cooling.

　　 Children who take drugs may show that they have a burning sensation, chest tightness, palpitation, pale face, purple lips, difficulty breathing, decreased blood pressure, and even coma after a few seconds or minutes. Fixed erythema (fuchsia round or oval, often found in the center) occurs within minutes or hours of administration, with fever. Sudden nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, lethargy and other symptoms.

The correct principle of treatment is rapid discharge, reduced absorption, timely detoxification, and symptomatic treatment.