Corn is a high-yield crop, which requires a large amount of fertilizer. Under the premise of ensuring sufficient base fertilizer and sufficient fertilizer, it is an important measure to achieve high yield and high efficiency of corn. How can we do a reasonable topdressing? Then we must grasp the period, method, number and quantity of topdressing.
Topdressing period
The best period for corn topdressing is from jointing to panicle differentiation. At this time, the corn has developed 7-12 leaves, which is the key period for the growth of the ear to the differentiation stage of the female flower. Top dressing can meet the nutrient needs of jointing and booting ears, promote the differentiation of ears, and make the ears of corn more large.
Top dressing method
There are three kinds of topdressing methods commonly used in corn production, namely, ridge planting, and then plowing soil cover immediately; artificial ridges and stalks are deeply applied, covered with soil, and then covered with ploughs; The best effect of these three kinds of topdressing methods is that the artificial planing pits cover the soil, which will result in a deep application of fertilizer, strict coverage, high fertilizer utilization rate, and good application results, which will increase the yield by 2% compared with the application of fertilizer. -11%. The second is the furrow and topdressing. The advantage of this method is that it saves labor and labor. The disadvantage is that the fertilizer is slightly far from the root zone, which is not conducive to the full absorption of fertilizer by the corn roots. Therefore, when using it, it is necessary to plow the shallow ditch and fertilize the soil. The fertilizer is tightly sealed to avoid wastage of volatiles.
Sometimes the ridges are spread because the ridges are not tight and the fertilizer is exposed outside, causing serious losses. The depth of corn topdressing should be 7-10 cm from the plant. This is beneficial to the absorption and utilization of corn roots. If it exceeds 10 cm, it will affect the effect of fertilizer application. Less than 5 cm will cause burning. After fertilization, it is necessary to cover the soil in time or combine it with a shovel.
Number of top dressings
Most of the corn in our city is chased once in the 9-11 leaf stage, and it will be carried out around June 25. If the amount used for top dressing is large, it is best to carry out two top dressings (extracted booting fertilizer and ear grain fertilizer). The principle of distribution of two top dressings is that the first time accounts for 2/3 of the total amount of topdressing and the second time accounts for 1/3. Light soil such as sandy soil, poor fertilizer retention, a small number of top dressings to prevent nitrogen leaching.
Number of top dressings
Maize topdressing should be based on soil fertility, variety fertilizer characteristics, variety growth period and other appropriate topdressing to meet the growth and development of corn. For plots with low soil fertility, the amount of topdressing should be added, and vice versa. For high-fertility plots, the amount of urea is 15-17 kg/mu; for medium-fertile plots, the amount of urea is 18-20 kg/mu; for low-fertility plots, the amount of urea is 21-23 kg/mu. In addition, depending on the density and cultivation method, the amount of topdressing is different. Large planting density should increase the amount of topdressing; corn double ridges or double plants should increase the amount of fertilizer, and 35-40 kg of urea per mu. For example, if the bottom fertilizer and the mouth fertilizer are not applied with potassium fertilizer, the nitrogen fertilizer may be applied for the first time, and 3-4 kg of potassium chloride or 4-5 kg ​​of potassium sulfate may be applied per mu.
Other Matters
In the case of soil drought, the topdressing time is determined according to the weather forecast, and it is best to topdress the fertilizer before the rain. According to the growth of the corn and the condition of the seedlings, the fertilizer should be applied in a timely manner. The lack of fertilizer should be replenished in time to increase the amount of topdressing. For the green and late maturing land, it is necessary to increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to promote the maturity of the corn as soon as possible. Source: China Fertilizer Network
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