Although clean and efficient hydrogen energy is considered as a major development direction in the future, the industry has not been able to properly solve the problem of long-distance hydrogen transportation. The good news is that the Australian Commonwealth Scientific Research Organization (CSIRO) has developed a new "hydrogen-ammonia" conversion technology based on metal thin films that will help make up for this shortfall. Hydrogen is the most abundant element in the universe. It is not only non-toxic, it burns and it is very clean, so it is also an excellent fuel cell solution. However, because hydrogen atoms are too light and too small, they are extremely difficult to transport and store.
The new system uses metal thin films to separate hydrogen and oxygen.
It should be pointed out that since the hydrogen will cause the ordinary natural gas stainless steel pipeline to be embrittled (and high pressure is required), the hydrogen energy industry needs a completely new pipeline infrastructure. In addition, hydrogen is a medium with low energy density, so it also requires a very special storage system to save.
This usually means that hydrogen needs to be stored at a high pressure of 350 to 700 bar (5000 to 10000 psi). The temperature of liquid hydrogen is minus 252.8°C (-423°F), at which point it will 'absorb' the metal into hydrides and other impurities, causing the material Embrittlement.
The combination of hydrogen-nitrogen as ammonia (NH3) overcomes many of the above problems.
The CSIRO system, on the other hand, is able to chemically store hydrogen energy in the form of ammonia, so that it can travel longer distances, and easily convert to a high fuel-cell vehicle at the destination. Purity hydrogen.
Ammonia can be stored at room temperature and has been widely transported for many years. Since Australia intends to become the main exporter of hydrogen energy, the use of catalysts to easily convert hydrogen energy is undoubtedly a wonderful solution.
The last thing to consider is how to recover hydrogen with a sufficiently high purity.
CSIRO's solution is to incorporate “membrane reactor†technology into a modular installation that can be installed and used at the time of delivery, such as a fuel cell vehicle refueling station.
The metal film allows the passage of smaller hydrogen molecules while blocking larger nitrogen molecules. In this way, after the hydrogen-nitrogen mixture is properly pressurized, the purified high-purity hydrogen can be output.
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