In the face of international competition and the new situation of China's revitalization of manufacturing industry, although the foundry industry has a good foundation and has certain strength, from a macro perspective, it still needs to be in the industrial structure, casting quality, production management and technology development. The content and methods are adjusted in several aspects to comprehensively improve the competitiveness of China's foundry industry in the international market, and ensure the healthy development of the international economic integration and the responsibility of revitalizing the manufacturing industry.
Foundry structure adjustment direction
Although China's foundry industry has an annual production capacity of 15 million tons, into the late 1990s, the annual output of castings is more than 10 million tons, and a large number of powerful casting companies have emerged, but the entire industry In terms of the status quo, the factory is still scattered (more than 20,000), and there are many employees (more than 1.2 million people), and the benefits are low (the per capita output value is less than 40,000 yuan, and the average castings are only 500 tons/year). ), the quality of castings is quite different from that of developed countries.
According to the current situation of China's foundry industry, with the help of international experience, its structural adjustment should be professionalized. The specialization mentioned here is not simply to concentrate on the production of castings (such as the specialization of China in the planned economy period), but to specialize in market competition in the market economy environment. Specialization according to casting type, alloy type or process method. Taking sand casting as an example, castings of the same size, similar wall thickness, similar materials and similar complexity are organized in a foundry, or in a casting casting factory or a die-casting factory. Specialization is conducive to improving the technical level, achieving mechanized automation and intelligent production, improving product quality, reducing production costs and improving efficiency. Due to the advantages of the above specialization, it will inevitably benefit the improvement of the competitiveness of the enterprise market, which is conducive to expanding the market and expanding the product batch. Specialization does not necessarily require the construction of a large factory. For the country, in addition to the foundry of the automobile, internal combustion engine, tractor and other industries, according to the principle of specialization, a large number of personnel with the advantages of being lean, flexible in operation, fast in decision-making and strong in adaptability are formed. Specialized small foundry companies are a desirable path. Some of the difficulties that exist in small businesses, such as funding sources and operating environments, can be addressed through cooperation and the establishment of small business networks.
Development direction of product quality in foundry industry
The current situation has undergone a qualitative change in the requirements for product quality. The same is true for foundry companies. China's foundry industry must have a full and clear understanding of this. Should start from the following aspects:
Establish and improve high-quality enterprise product quality standards
In accordance with international standards and foreign advanced standards, we will establish internal control standards that are higher than the current national standards, and we must keep track of the international advanced level and keep updating. Otherwise, even if the product is 100% qualified, due to low product quality standards, it will not be competitive in the international market. Only when the products compete with foreign products in the international market, can the company have vitality.
Establish a quality assurance system and continuously improve the quality of operation
China's foundry industry should work hard to promote and implement the ISO9000 quality management and quality assurance series of international standards, and promote the implementation of quality system certification. Establishing an internal quality assurance system in strict accordance with the ISO9000 standard, which plays an important role in promoting the integration of Chinese enterprises with the international community, strengthening internal management, improving product quality, and enhancing market competitiveness. Furthermore, certification only marks the effectiveness of a company's quality assurance system prior to certification. While obtaining certification, enterprises must constantly improve the quality awareness of all employees, and firmly establish the concept of "quality first" and "winning by quality" to ensure that our quality system operates with high quality and is effective for a long time.
Development direction of production management method in foundry industry
The foundry industry is a typical labor-intensive industry. It is also a major resource and energy consumer. To improve its economic benefits, it is not simply a matter of technological progress, but scientific management is also very important. In casting production, maximizing the use efficiency of labor, capital, resources and technology, and achieving intensive production is the only way to maximize the output and benefits of the foundry industry.
The MRPII manufacturing resource plan developed by MRP (Material Requirements Planning) combines material flow and capital flow on the basis of closed-loop MRP, and incorporates the company's macro decision-making into the system to form a complete production and operation information system. Resources in the Manufacturing Resource Plan include manpower, materials, equipment, energy, bonuses, space, and time. All kinds of resources are expressed in the form of "information" in the MRPII system. Through information integration, the various manufacturing resources of the enterprise are carefully planned and used reasonably to improve the competitiveness of the enterprise. At present, most of China's MIS (Manufacturing Management Information System) is organized with MRPII as the guiding ideology, and it is a technology that reflects the intensive production idea. China's foundry industry should introduce these management technologies, and combine the actual development of casting to establish MIS software suitable for the application of foundry enterprises, and promote the use in the management of foundry enterprises, so that the intensive production of foundry industry can be realized.
Development direction of technology development in foundry industry
What kind of industrial structure is implemented in a country, and what kind of technological progress is adopted does not deviate from its national conditions. China's basic national conditions are large in population and abundant in labor, but the capital is scarce and the per capita resources are small. This national situation determines that China must vigorously develop a labor-intensive economy, use labor resources intensively, and save capital and natural resources. From another perspective, the development of a labor-intensive economy is not a technological advancement. This requires that technological progress must be conducive to the full use of labor to save capital and natural resources in order to maximize the efficiency of the use of various resources.
After the accession to the WTO, the foundry industry has developed as a labor-intensive industry, and relevant national policies should be supported and supported. At the same time, the foundry industry should focus on developing technologies to improve the efficiency of various resources, such as energy-saving technologies, technology for reducing consumption, and protection and reuse of resources.
In addition, in the way of technology development, we should make full use of the resources of all aspects of the country, and adopt joint research and benefit sharing to carry out technology development. Today's world economy has entered the era of global integration. Between enterprises and enterprises, units and units are not only competitive, but also cooperative. If you want to get faster, you must learn to cooperate. Self-enclosure will only make you fall behind. At present, the production, learning and research advocated in China is a good joint approach.
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