Die casting is one of the most advanced metal forming methods, and it is widely used and developed rapidly. In the international arena, China is one of the major die-casting countries, but from the perspective of technology and production efficiency, China's die-casting industry is still quite backward. Automobile manufacturers are the main users of die castings, and the automobile industry is one of the five pillar industries of China's national economy. With the rapid development of the automobile industry (by 2005, the car ownership is expected to reach 21,198 to 23.15 million), China will be the world's largest car user, and we can see that China's die-casting industry will have huge room for development.
The success or failure of the die-casting mold can best reflect the technical content and economic effects of the entire die-casting production process. With the rapid development of computers and related technologies, CAD (Computer Aided Design), as a major branch of computer technology in the industrial field, has become one of the most compelling achievements in the practical application of human intelligence science. At present, the computer application of die-casting die design in China is limited to drawing and simple calculation. The new product development cycle is long, the quality is not easy to guarantee, and the market competitiveness is lacking. Looking forward to the huge development space of China's die-casting industry, reviewing the pivotal position of die-casting molds in die-casting production, coupled with the more regularity of die-casting mold design than non-standard parts design, this is the die-casting mold CAD. The development offers possibilities and necessity. Research and application of die-casting CAD technology is particularly important.
Development and current status of foreign die-casting CAD
The development of foreign mold CAD system has been 30 years old, and the development speed is extremely fast. Relatively speaking, the CAD system of die-casting mold started late, only 20 years old, but because of the experience of other mold CAD, the development speed is quite fast. It has gone through a process from low to high, from research to application.
The initial die-casting CAD was only to select the die-casting process parameters, and only used the computer's calculation function, and did not fully utilize the computer's engineering application. For example, the zinc die-cast CAD system developed by the Betri Research Institute in the United States in 1981, the main function of the system is to simplify the tedious calculations in the gating system, without the input and output of graphics.
With the rapid development of computer software and hardware technology, the CAD technology of die-casting mold has also reached a new level. The higher-level die-casting CAD system, in addition to calculating and selecting the design parameters of the die-casting mold, can also automatically generate graphics and output graphics, and can simulate and analyze the die-casting process and output the CNC machining paper tape to form a CAD/CAM system. The CAD/CAM application software of the die casting and pouring system developed by the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Institute (CSIRO), Metlflow, provides a CAD/CAM system for the analysis and manufacture of the gating system. The die casting alloys used are aluminum, zinc and brass.
Although Japan started relatively late in this respect relative to the United States and Germany, it has achieved considerable success not only in research, but also in application, through introduction, digestion and redevelopment. A computer-aided design engineering system (CADDES) for die-casting molds developed by Toyota, Japan; Sharp Precision Machinery has developed a CAD/CAM system called Scioure for metal and die-casting molds; Yasaku has a name for design and manufacture of die-casting molds. EVKUD's CAD/CAM system; Sony and Unisy also developed their own CAD/CAM systems; PCPSES, a die-casting mold design expert system developed by Toyota Japan, has also been put into use. Obviously, the experience of Japan is worthy of our reference. With the rapid development of the mold industry and the importance of CAD technology recognized by the mold industry, in recent years, CAD developers have invested a lot of manpower and material resources, transforming the general CAD system into a CAD system dedicated to molds, and introduced parameterization. The integrated and intelligent dedicated system has been well received by the majority of mold design workers. For example, the mold surface design module PRO/DIEFACE developed by PTC Software Company of Japan and Toyota Motor Corporation of Japan based on PRO/E software is also a development direction of mold CAD.
Development and Status Quo of Domestic Die Casting Die CAD
China started late in the development of CAD for die-casting molds. In 1984, Gao Shangshu and Yu Zhiya of Shenyang Foundry Research Institute introduced a computer-aided design program for small and medium-sized mixed-flow runner single-cast blade riser system, which may be China's foundry. The industry's first software system that is compliant with CAD concepts.
In the 1990s, the development and research of the die-casting CAD system was gradually applied and applied to the design. The system software of Taiyuan Mechanical College consists of four parts: operating system, graphics software, database and application, which has certain practicability; the expert system of die casting process parameters and defect judgment jointly developed by South China University of Technology and Southeast University has A certain comprehensive optimization function; the "die-casting CAD system" proposed by Harbin University of Science and Technology, using the Basic language for secondary development on the general drawing software package AutoCAD, and establishing the corresponding database on the Chinese character dBASE-III, this is An ideal die-casting CAD system model; the research of die-casting CAD/CAM system from Huazhong University of Technology since 1993 has achieved good results.
At present, with the rapid development of computer software and hardware technology, the computer-aided design of die-casting molds is one of the symbols to measure the level of die-casting technology, and has been widely valued by the design and use units of die-casting molds. The expert system of die-casting mold design developed by Wuhan Jiaotong University and the carburetor factory of Dongfeng Group has been put into use. The system has an international advanced level in the die-casting mold industry. On November 9, 1998, the Machinery Industry Technology Development Fund project “Research on Aluminum Alloy Die Casting Process and Die CAD Technology†undertaken by the Institute of Mechanical Science and Guangzhou Cavity Mould Factory passed the appraisal in Beijing. The appraisal committee believes that the project not only solves the problem of standardization of die-casting die structure design, but also has strong practicability and wide coverage. The completion of the project has improved the design and manufacturing technology level of large-scale complex die-casting molds in China, and has entered the high-tech stage of the mold industry. It is at the leading level in China and has reached the advanced level in the international early 1990s.
Accelerate the process of research and application of CAD technology for die-casting molds in China
In summary, the following suggestions are proposed:
Accelerating the research and development of independent copyright 3D die-casting CAD system is our long-term goal.
Although many institutions, design and use units have been dedicated to the development and research of die-casting CAD, most of them are aimed at a certain product or a part of die-casting mold (more research on gating system), and there is not a real set. A complete and practical CAD system for domestic die-casting molds. The development of independent copyrighted die-casting CAD system is a process of research and application. Whether it is from the connotation of the system or from the support of human, financial and material in the process of system development, the group advantage is taken and the joint development is carried out. Roads, combined by companies, schools (or research units) should be the best choice.
Doing a good job in the secondary development of the CAD system of advanced CAD software (such as UG, Pro/E, SolidWorks, cimatron, etc.) to improve the intelligence, integration and specialization of software has become a practical and feasible road.
At present, in the domestic die-casting production plant, a considerable number of small and medium-sized enterprises have poor hardware equipment, weak technical strength, small production scale and variety, and basically no computer-aided design of die-casting molds. The computer-aided design of die-casting molds of some large enterprises also directly adopts general-purpose software imported from abroad, such as Pro/E and UG. In terms of technical support, these softwares are too complicated to operate and require high demands on technicians and hardware devices. In terms of practicality, they generally design general software for molds, which cannot be specialized, so that they cannot truly achieve die-casting molds. Computer-aided design often only stays on computer-aided drafting; in terms of China's national conditions, most foreign software does not provide a Chinese interface, and the generated engineering drawings must be modified to meet Chinese national standards; in terms of price, The high investment of these high-end software is an important factor that restricts the computer-aided design technology of die-casting molds from being popularized and applied. To this end, some medium and low-priced software is selected as the platform, and secondary development for the die-casting CAD system will become a good direction.
For example, using SolidEdge software as the development platform, according to the characteristics of die-casting mold design, combined with COM components, database and other technologies, using Visual C++6.0 language for development. It should include dynamic and fixed template design; side core pulling mechanism design; positioning guiding mechanism design; and introduction of reset mechanism design and other modules. Mainly to establish a database of common structure of die-casting mold, and generate corresponding sketches. According to the shape of the product, the design and calculation of each part of the die-casting mold are carried out by parameter selection. Finally, the die-casting mold is designed and assembled, and the mold clamping and opening are simulated in an animated form. Modular action. In this way, through secondary development, this general-purpose software is more localized and specialized, and it becomes a perfect, convenient and practical design tool for the die-casting mold design workers, thus effectively improving the design quality and shortening the development cycle. The majority of die casting companies are welcome.
Whether it is the research and development of independent copyrighted die-casting CAD system, or the secondary development of die-casting CAD for imported software, it should ensure that the system has both good versatility and broad application. Especially for large, precise and complex die-casting molds, can meet the design requirements. Standardized, parametric, and intelligent ideas are applied to system development, reducing design errors and shortening design cycles to improve design efficiency.
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