[Reminder: Cannot identify counterfeit stainless steel with magnet]
People often think that "stainless steel" is "rust-free steel." If it rusts, it must be fake and inferior products. This understanding is of course too simple. First of all, the "stainless" stainless steel is not absolutely rustless, but relatively does not rust under certain conditions. If the user uses it improperly and uses it in an environment or condition that exceeds its corrosion resistance, it will naturally rust. The second is the corrosion of stainless steel materials used in the product. It may also be due to the unreasonable manufacturer's selection of materials. That is, manufacturers choose inappropriate stainless steel grades as raw materials for their product use, and may also be the manufacturer's production and processing technology. In addition, it is that manufacturers have indeed chosen counterfeit and inferior stainless steel raw materials that do not meet the authority standards of the relevant countries or industries on the market. In any case, these are manufacturers that should face and solve when purchasing and processing. In view of the current situation in the market on the production and sale of inferior stainless steel, as well as market frauds such as shoddy and forged quality certificates, how can we seize the initiative and quickly identify these fraudulent practices when purchasing stainless steel materials? Is it harmed by shoddy stainless steel? For those stainless steels that may be equally bright, they must be differentiated from their appearances, and even if they are difficult to do as experts, is there any simple solution?
Someone said: This is very simple, use a magnet to suck! What can't suck is good, it's "stainless steel". What sucks is bad, it's "stainless iron"! At present, this kind of statement and practice seems to be very popular. Even science and technology publications and television programs have adopted this method. For this argument and practice, industry experts have given up their denial and are unscientific and extremely wrong. Of the five major stainless steels currently developed and applied in the world, only austenitic stainless steels (many 300 series and 200 series grades) are often non-magnetic (after processing or weak magnetic), and ferritic stainless steel (many 400 series) Duplex stainless steel, martensitic stainless steel, and precipitation hardened stainless steel all have magnetic properties. With or without magnetic properties, each stainless steel has its own characteristics and applicable range. 300 series austenitic stainless steel is the most widely used, and the proportion of stainless steel with magnetic modern ferritic type is also increasingly higher, in the kitchen utensils products, household appliances, decoration, automotive exhaust system, petrochemical and other civilian, The industrial sector can partially replace the 300 series austenitic stainless steel. For 200 series of this kind of magnet "absorption" of austenitic stainless steel, manganese, nitrogen nickel, than the corresponding 300 series steel to reduce costs and increase the strength, but because of its corrosion resistance, making its application Narrow, often those areas that require high strength, non-magnetic, and low corrosion resistance requirements, such as springs, electronic equipment and so on. For the so-called "200 series stainless steel" currently popular in the Chinese market, its corrosion resistance and use value are even lower. These products have not been produced in accordance with existing national standards, but have reduced the content of nickel and chromium in steel according to their very strict corporate standards, and increased the manganese content. Some of them have even fallen below 1%, and chromium has fallen. Below 10%, manganese has increased to more than 14%, and its pitting equivalent is very low, far reaching the corresponding national standards. In terms of corrosion resistance, these products cannot even be called stainless steel, nor can they be called 200-series stainless steel at all. In the current Chinese stainless steel market, it can be said that there is almost no real 200 series stainless steel. The so-called “200 series stainless steel†on the market is the biggest problem steel and counterfeit steel at present, but it is just like the 300 series austenitic stainless steel. It is non-magnetic austenitic steel! It can be said that in the current Chinese market, the use of magnets to identify the advantages and disadvantages of stainless steel tends to indulge in inferior stainless steels, while rejecting high-quality magnetic ferritic steels, and it also excludes non-magnetic 300 due to cost factors. Austenitic stainless steels may even be used in the industry to make this counterfeit steel counterfeit into a non-magnetic 300 series austenitic stainless steel.
It is obviously not feasible to identify the true and false quality of stainless steel by sucking it with a magnet. Is there any other feasible and convenient method? The answer is yes. Herein, a simple method is described, that is, the use of a stainless steel assay liquid to identify or distinguish between the conditions of the steel under test by observing the color change characteristics of the test liquid in the dissolution of the steel being tested. "Color change" is often related to specific elements such as nickel (Ni), molybdenum (Mo), and manganese (Mn) in the steel being tested.
At present, there are many stainless steel test fluids on the market in China, which are imported from Japan and other countries, and many are domestically produced. Especially in the areas where stainless steel industry and stainless scrap recycling industry are relatively developed in China, such as Jiangsu Dainan, Wuxi, Foshan, Guangdong, Ningbo, Zhejiang, etc., there are some manufacturers specializing in the development of stainless steel testing fluids, while some previously engaged in chemical technology, The chemical reagent companies have also developed stainless steel test solutions for the needs of the stainless steel industry. At present, although there are many brands of stainless steel test fluids in our country, the products seem to be identical, and basically can be divided into two types that do not use batteries and need to use batteries. This type of battery does not need to be subdivided. It is mainly determined by observing the change of the color of the droplets on the surface of the stainless steel, and distinguishing them by the chromatogram. If there is a kind of product called "Type 304" on the market, it is marked with four standard colors corresponding to four kinds of stainless steel brands: 201, 202, 301, and 304. Among them, 201 corresponds to dark red, 202 corresponds to red, and 301 corresponds to shallow. Red, 304 corresponds to colorless or light yellow. These colors refer to the colors exhibited by the test solution when the corresponding steels were tested. There are many types of test solutions for batteries on the market, such as "Mo2, Ni, Ni2, Ni4, Ni6, Ni8, Ni14, Ni20, Ni40, Ni60", and some products use "N" instead of "Ni" for identification. . These products can be used alone or in combination to determine the approximate content (percentage) of nickel (Ni), molybdenum (Mo), manganese (Mn), etc., in the steel, and can then be used to compare the true and false quality of the steel against the national authoritative standards. inferior. For example, "Ni8" test solution, when used, firstly apply proper amount of "Ni8" drug onto a clean steel surface, and then connect the positive electrode plate (usually 9V, which the manufacturer can place) of a dedicated battery with sufficient power to the negative electrode. Ni8 bead on steel surface (be careful not to touch it
People often think that "stainless steel" is "rust-free steel." If it rusts, it must be fake and inferior products. This understanding is of course too simple. First of all, the "stainless" stainless steel is not absolutely rustless, but relatively does not rust under certain conditions. If the user uses it improperly and uses it in an environment or condition that exceeds its corrosion resistance, it will naturally rust. The second is the corrosion of stainless steel materials used in the product. It may also be due to the unreasonable manufacturer's selection of materials. That is, manufacturers choose inappropriate stainless steel grades as raw materials for their product use, and may also be the manufacturer's production and processing technology. In addition, it is that manufacturers have indeed chosen counterfeit and inferior stainless steel raw materials that do not meet the authority standards of the relevant countries or industries on the market. In any case, these are manufacturers that should face and solve when purchasing and processing. In view of the current situation in the market on the production and sale of inferior stainless steel, as well as market frauds such as shoddy and forged quality certificates, how can we seize the initiative and quickly identify these fraudulent practices when purchasing stainless steel materials? Is it harmed by shoddy stainless steel? For those stainless steels that may be equally bright, they must be differentiated from their appearances, and even if they are difficult to do as experts, is there any simple solution?
Someone said: This is very simple, use a magnet to suck! What can't suck is good, it's "stainless steel". What sucks is bad, it's "stainless iron"! At present, this kind of statement and practice seems to be very popular. Even science and technology publications and television programs have adopted this method. For this argument and practice, industry experts have given up their denial and are unscientific and extremely wrong. Of the five major stainless steels currently developed and applied in the world, only austenitic stainless steels (many 300 series and 200 series grades) are often non-magnetic (after processing or weak magnetic), and ferritic stainless steel (many 400 series) Duplex stainless steel, martensitic stainless steel, and precipitation hardened stainless steel all have magnetic properties. With or without magnetic properties, each stainless steel has its own characteristics and applicable range. 300 series austenitic stainless steel is the most widely used, and the proportion of stainless steel with magnetic modern ferritic type is also increasingly higher, in the kitchen utensils products, household appliances, decoration, automotive exhaust system, petrochemical and other civilian, The industrial sector can partially replace the 300 series austenitic stainless steel. For 200 series of this kind of magnet "absorption" of austenitic stainless steel, manganese, nitrogen nickel, than the corresponding 300 series steel to reduce costs and increase the strength, but because of its corrosion resistance, making its application Narrow, often those areas that require high strength, non-magnetic, and low corrosion resistance requirements, such as springs, electronic equipment and so on. For the so-called "200 series stainless steel" currently popular in the Chinese market, its corrosion resistance and use value are even lower. These products have not been produced in accordance with existing national standards, but have reduced the content of nickel and chromium in steel according to their very strict corporate standards, and increased the manganese content. Some of them have even fallen below 1%, and chromium has fallen. Below 10%, manganese has increased to more than 14%, and its pitting equivalent is very low, far reaching the corresponding national standards. In terms of corrosion resistance, these products cannot even be called stainless steel, nor can they be called 200-series stainless steel at all. In the current Chinese stainless steel market, it can be said that there is almost no real 200 series stainless steel. The so-called “200 series stainless steel†on the market is the biggest problem steel and counterfeit steel at present, but it is just like the 300 series austenitic stainless steel. It is non-magnetic austenitic steel! It can be said that in the current Chinese market, the use of magnets to identify the advantages and disadvantages of stainless steel tends to indulge in inferior stainless steels, while rejecting high-quality magnetic ferritic steels, and it also excludes non-magnetic 300 due to cost factors. Austenitic stainless steels may even be used in the industry to make this counterfeit steel counterfeit into a non-magnetic 300 series austenitic stainless steel.
It is obviously not feasible to identify the true and false quality of stainless steel by sucking it with a magnet. Is there any other feasible and convenient method? The answer is yes. Herein, a simple method is described, that is, the use of a stainless steel assay liquid to identify or distinguish between the conditions of the steel under test by observing the color change characteristics of the test liquid in the dissolution of the steel being tested. "Color change" is often related to specific elements such as nickel (Ni), molybdenum (Mo), and manganese (Mn) in the steel being tested.
At present, there are many stainless steel test fluids on the market in China, which are imported from Japan and other countries, and many are domestically produced. Especially in the areas where stainless steel industry and stainless scrap recycling industry are relatively developed in China, such as Jiangsu Dainan, Wuxi, Foshan, Guangdong, Ningbo, Zhejiang, etc., there are some manufacturers specializing in the development of stainless steel testing fluids, while some previously engaged in chemical technology, The chemical reagent companies have also developed stainless steel test solutions for the needs of the stainless steel industry. At present, although there are many brands of stainless steel test fluids in our country, the products seem to be identical, and basically can be divided into two types that do not use batteries and need to use batteries. This type of battery does not need to be subdivided. It is mainly determined by observing the change of the color of the droplets on the surface of the stainless steel, and distinguishing them by the chromatogram. If there is a kind of product called "Type 304" on the market, it is marked with four standard colors corresponding to four kinds of stainless steel brands: 201, 202, 301, and 304. Among them, 201 corresponds to dark red, 202 corresponds to red, and 301 corresponds to shallow. Red, 304 corresponds to colorless or light yellow. These colors refer to the colors exhibited by the test solution when the corresponding steels were tested. There are many types of test solutions for batteries on the market, such as "Mo2, Ni, Ni2, Ni4, Ni6, Ni8, Ni14, Ni20, Ni40, Ni60", and some products use "N" instead of "Ni" for identification. . These products can be used alone or in combination to determine the approximate content (percentage) of nickel (Ni), molybdenum (Mo), manganese (Mn), etc., in the steel, and can then be used to compare the true and false quality of the steel against the national authoritative standards. inferior. For example, "Ni8" test solution, when used, firstly apply proper amount of "Ni8" drug onto a clean steel surface, and then connect the positive electrode plate (usually 9V, which the manufacturer can place) of a dedicated battery with sufficient power to the negative electrode. Ni8 bead on steel surface (be careful not to touch it
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