"Two or three years ago, each kilowatt-hour of electricity, through the market-oriented trading and other policies, now averages more than 5 hair per kilowatt-hour, our company is a large electricity user, an average of 80,000 kWh a day, so calculate, one day can save Under the 20,000 yuan electricity bill." Qingdao Phoenix Printing and Dyeing Co., Ltd. executive vice president Wang Lei told reporters. With the in-depth advancement of power reform in recent years, from the power generation to the use of electricity to squeeze the space, the price of electricity has dropped and dropped, many companies have already tasted the sweetness.
The price of electricity is reduced, and the target is clear. This year, we will enter the peak summer period. How to achieve the goal, further explore the price reduction space, and at the same time guarantee the demand for electricity? The reporter recently interviewed the relevant person in charge of the Electricity Department of the National Development and Reform Commission.
How much has the electricity price dropped?
Since 2015, the cumulative reduction of 327.5 billion yuan, the general industrial and commercial electricity prices this year fell another 10%
"In 2016 and 2017, the burden on enterprises will be reduced by more than 500 billion yuan, of which, the reduction of industrial and commercial electricity prices will reduce the burden on enterprises by more than 200 billion yuan." At the press conference on the reduction of fees and charges held by the National Development and Reform Commission not long ago, the head of the price department was close. The results of two years of power cost reduction were reported to a general ledger.
It is understood that since 2015, the National Development and Reform Commission has reduced the cost of electricity for enterprises by 327.5 billion yuan. The calculation of this account is mainly due to the effectiveness of the six measures. First, the price of coal and electricity is linked to reduce the on-grid tariff of coal-fired units twice, correspondingly reducing the industrial and commercial electricity price for all industrial and commercial enterprises by 1 minute per kWh, and reducing the general industrial and commercial electricity price for small and medium-sized industrial and commercial enterprises by 3 points per kWh. The cost of electricity for enterprises is 83.5 billion yuan. The second is the reform of the transmission and distribution price of 32 provincial power grids. The permitted revenue of nuclear power grid reduction is used to reduce the electricity price of industrial and commercial enterprises. The industrial and commercial electricity price is reduced by 1 point per kWh, which involves reducing the cost of electricity for enterprises by 48 billion yuan. Third, the scope of power market trading has expanded. In 2017, the market traded 1.6 trillion kWh, including cross-provincial cross-regional power trading and power generation transactions, with an average of 5 cents per kWh and a reduction of enterprise electricity costs of 68 billion yuan. The fourth is to cancel and reduce the funds and surcharges levied through the electricity price, and correspondingly reduce the price of electricity for industrial and commercial use. Including “three cancellations and two reductionsâ€, the city public utilities will be abolished by 35 billion yuan, the industrial structure adjustment special fund will be cancelled by 39 billion yuan, and the electrified railway will be repaid at a cost of 6 billion yuan to reduce major water conservancy project construction funds and large and medium-sized reservoir resettlers. The latter support funds are 25% each, totaling 16 billion yuan. The fifth is to improve the implementation method of the two-part electricity price, stipulating that enterprises can apply for adjustment of the demand (capacity) electricity price implementation method according to their own circumstances, thereby reducing the demand (capacity) electricity bill, involving 15 billion yuan. The sixth is to cancel the preferential electricity price for small and medium-sized fertilizers, and reduce the transmission and distribution price of the relevant 21 provinces by 1 cent with the funds of 17 billion yuan.
This year, the "Government Work Report" put forward the goal of "average industrial and commercial electricity price reduction of 10% on average", which has not been passed for half a year. Through the promotion of regional power grid and trans-provincial special project transmission price reform, further standardize and reduce grid link charges and temporary Various measures such as lowering the transmission and distribution price and the adjustment of the VAT rate of the power industry have reduced the average industrial and commercial electricity price by 6.48 points per kWh, totaling 64.8 billion yuan, corresponding to nearly 70% of the task of “average industrial and commercial electricity price reduction of 10% on averageâ€.
"There should be confidence in accomplishing the annual target." The relevant person in charge of the Electricity Department of the National Development and Reform Commission said that with the deepening of various price reduction measures, it means that the space for price reduction is getting smaller and smaller, and the price reduction is more difficult. The bigger the need, the greater the wisdom of reform.
Where is the difficulty in continuing to reduce electricity prices?
Reduced price reduction space, power generation costs are increasing
Why is it difficult to continue to reduce electricity prices? Because of the "double attack". On the one hand, in recent years, the frequency of electricity tariffs has increased frequently, “there can be less and lessâ€, on the other hand, the cost of power generation has increased.
First, the cost of power generation fuel is increasing. At present, power generation in China's power plants is still dominated by coal-fired power. Since the fourth quarter of 2016, coal prices have been operating at high levels, and the operating pressure of power generation companies has increased.
Second, the cost of generating electricity and environmental protection is increasing. With the advancement of clean power system, the cost of environmental protection renovation of coal-fired power companies has increased, and at the same time, more and more clean energy such as wind power photovoltaics with relatively high cost has been used, and it is difficult to reduce power generation prices.
Third, the industry and commerce bear the cross-subsidy of electricity prices. For the sake of safeguarding people's livelihood, China has implemented preferential electricity prices for residents and agricultural electricity with relatively high power supply costs, mainly relying on cross-subsidies that industrial and commercial users have long assumed.
In addition, power demand has grown rapidly, and changes in the supply and demand situation have reduced the willingness of power generation companies to cut prices. "In the past, in the case of excess electricity, it is relatively easy to reduce the cost of electricity through competition. However, this year, power supply is oversupply to the balance of basic supply and demand. In some peak hours, supply is in short supply. The power generation price of power generation enterprises is naturally weak. This is also the law of the market." National Development and Reform Commission The relevant person in charge of the price department of the power department explained.
How to reduce electricity prices in the future?
Accelerate the implementation of three price reduction measures and implement policies such as clearing the power supply and increasing the price
Although the price cuts are getting harder and harder, the newly introduced and brewed power reduction measures are quite a lot. "This year we will continue to 'æŠ ' from all aspects of government funds, power grids, and electricity consumption, speed up the implementation of three price reduction measures, and continue to carry out institutional optimization." The responsible person of the Electricity Department of the Price Department of the National Development and Reform Commission said.
The first measure is that from July 1 this year, the national major water conservancy project construction fund in the power surcharge will be levied by 25% on the basis of a 25% reduction last year.
The second measure is to reduce the price of trans-provincial transmission, expand the scale of cross-provincial power transactions, and further reduce the electricity price of relevant provinces. "At the beginning of this year, we reduced the transmission prices of the five regional power grids, reviewed the transmission prices of five transmission projects such as Ningdong DC, and will also reduce the transmission prices of 19 transmission projects in the near future. By reducing the transmission prices, we will further improve the clean energy in the west and northeast. In the competitiveness of the central and eastern regions, the scale of cross-provincial power transactions will be expanded. After the cheap clean energy in the west and northeast is sent to the central and eastern regions, the general industrial and commercial electricity prices in these provinces can be reduced.†The relevant person in charge of the Electricity Department of the National Development and Reform Commission explained.
The third measure is to urge the self-provided power plant to pay a fair burden. During the period of tight power supply, China has built a number of self-sufficient power plants. Since these self-supplied power plant users do not bear the relevant expenses, the cost of electricity is relatively low. With the advancement of China's power market reform, in order to achieve fair competition, these self-supplied power plants are required to bear the relevant expenses fairly, so that the electricity price can be vacated to reduce the general industrial and commercial electricity prices.
In the power grid, two policies to reduce costs have been introduced. One is the flexibility to increase the price of the two-part system. The two-part electricity price consists of the demand (capacity) electricity price paid at a fixed fee and the electricity price paid according to the actual electricity consumption. Previously, when the user's electricity load was small, the fixed cost should also be paid according to the transformer capacity or the maximum contract demand. After the system is perfected, the power user can pay the fee according to the actual maximum demand, and how much and how much to pay. The other is to gradually implement the general industrial and commercial power requirements that meet the transformer capacity requirements and implement the two-factory electricity price. "The average industrial electricity price is more than 6 gross, and the general industrial and commercial electricity price is more than 7 hairs. The large commercial enterprises with stable electricity load choose to implement large industrial electricity prices, and the electricity consumption can be reduced by 8.9 points per kilowatt hour." According to the person in charge, the focus of this year's power price reduction is general industry and commerce. Now many commercial enterprises use electricity not less than industrial enterprises. For example, commercial enterprises engaged in cloud computing have considerable electricity consumption and stable electricity load. The implementation of large industrial electricity prices can reduce many costs.
This year, we must also focus on the price reduction from the power side. The key measure is to clean up the various types of markups charged by operators, such as commercial complexes and industrial parks, to the power supply users in addition to the national sales price. Why is the air conditioner in the summer market so low, and sometimes it is freezing? The responsible person of the Electricity Department of the Price Department of the National Development and Reform Commission said that this phenomenon is likely to be a "transfer of power supply and price increase". In order to attract passengers, the mall has opened the air conditioner too much in the "warm winter and cool in summer", and the reason why the cost of electricity is not considered is that it can be transferred to the merchants in the mall after the price increase, so that the electricity charges of some merchants are as high as once. More than one yuan. “Clearing and reversing power supply costs can reduce the electricity costs of some commercial enterprises, and it is also conducive to promoting the use of electricity by operators such as commercial complexes and industrial parks,†said the person in charge of the Electricity Department of the National Development and Reform Commission.
"China is a country with shortage of resources and energy. Saving resources and energy and realizing green development is the only way. We must constantly tap the potential of the entire power system to reduce costs, and we must attach great importance to this key link of power consumption, by improving users with high energy consumption and high pollution. The cost of electricity consumption reduces the cost of electricity for general industrial and commercial enterprises and small and micro enterprises, thereby optimizing the structure of power consumption, changing the mode of electricity consumption, and improving the efficiency of electricity consumption,†said the person in charge of the Electricity Department of the National Development and Reform Commission.
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