Commonly used surface treatments include:
Manual treatment: such as scraper, wire brush or grinding wheel. The rust and oxide scale on the surface of the workpiece can be removed by hand, but the labor intensity of the manual processing is large, the production efficiency is low, the quality is poor, and the cleaning is not thorough.
Chemical treatment: The main purpose is to use acidic or alkaline solution to chemically react with the oxides and oils on the surface of the workpiece to dissolve it in acidic or alkaline solutions to achieve the purpose of removing scale oxide and oil on the surface of the workpiece. Chemical treatment is suitable for the cleaning of thin plates, but the disadvantage is: if the time is not properly controlled, even if corrosion inhibitors are added, steel can be over-etched. For more complex structural parts and porous parts, after acid pickling, the residual acid immersed in the gap or hole is difficult to completely remove, if not handled properly, will become a hidden danger of subsequent corrosion of the workpiece, and chemicals volatile, cost High, chemical emission after treatment is difficult. If it is handled improperly, it will cause serious pollution to the environment. With the improvement of people's environmental awareness, this treatment method is being replaced by a mechanical treatment method.
Mechanical treatment: mainly includes shot blasting and shot peening. Shot blasting is the use of centrifugal force to accelerate the projectile and project it to the workpiece for rust removal. However, the shot blasting has poor flexibility and is subject to restrictions on the site. Some blindness is caused when the workpiece is removed, and dead spots that are not cleaned up are easily generated on the inner surface of the workpiece. The structure of the equipment is complex and there are many wearing parts, especially the blades and other parts wear quickly, maintenance work hours, high cost, and large one-time investment.
Shot peening is divided into shot peening and sandblasting. The use of shot peening for surface treatment has a strong impact and clear cleaning effect. However, the shot peening treatment of the thin workpieces easily deforms the workpieces, and the shots hit the surface of the workpieces (because of shot blasting or shot peening) to deform the metal substrate. Since Fe3O4 and Fe2O3 have no plasticity, they are delaminated and peeled off. The base material is deformed together, so for oily workpieces, shot blasting and shot peening cannot completely remove oil. In the existing workpiece surface treatment method, the best cleaning effect is also blast cleaning. Sandblasting is suitable for higher surface cleaning requirements. However, most of the current general sandblasting equipments in China consist of primitive heavy sand conveying machines such as hinged dragons, scrapers and bucket elevators. The user needs to construct a deep pit and make a waterproof layer to install the machinery. The construction cost is high, the maintenance workload and the maintenance cost are enormous. A large amount of dust generated during sandblasting cannot be removed, which seriously affects the health of the operator and pollutes the environment. .
With the continuous improvement of science and technology, along with people's constant demand for product quality, with the continuous application of high-tech equipment in enterprises, with the improvement of people's environmental awareness, the strict requirements of environmental protection departments, the control of dust pollution and noise The environment is in no hurry. With more and more fierce competition among enterprises, how to gain advantages in fierce competition has become the key to deciding the development of enterprises. The facts tell us that strict control of the production process is a prerequisite for ensuring the quality of the company’s products. Controlling environmental pollution is the responsibility of each of us.
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