22.1 Improve the Deformability of Materials Before the 1980s, China's waterproofing membranes were basically oil-Zhejiang linoleum in areas with large temperature differences, and some newly-built houses had under-covered roofs that leaked out of the roof. The layers are prone to problems such as the flow of drums and zigzag, and the cracking of the felt, which leads to a decrease in the waterproof quality and a shortened service life. In recent years, less practical use has been made in the actual projects. The use of waterproofing volumes for the Zhejiang Umbilica Oil Liners has been banned in the “Waterproofing Code for Underground Worksâ€. The material is mainly composed of polymer and filler. The performance of waterproofing membrane is mainly improved from these two aspects: 1) The polymer modified asphalt waterproof membrane is a polymer polymer modified asphalt. Cover layer, fiber fabric or fiber mat is a carcass powder, granular sheet or film material is made of a cladding material made of curlable sheet waterproof material strength, elongation heat resistance, resistance to ultraviolet radiation and aging resistance Waterproofing membranes have been greatly improved, and they are widely used nowadays. Representative materials are: elastomers (SBS) modified Zhejiang green waterproofing membrane, plastic body (APP) modification Shuijulin 2) Synthetic polymer waterproofing membrane, using various synthetic rubbers, synthetic resins, or a mixture of both as the main raw material, adding appropriate amounts of chemical additives and fillers to make elastic or elastoplastic coils. The polymer waterproof membrane has the advantages of light weight, wide application temperature range (-20~), good weather resistance, high tensile strength (2~18.2MPa), high elongation (>45%), but the price is higher. . In the roof waterproof technology requirements, waterproof layer reasonable longevity of the industrial and civil buildings have been widely used, the representative material is: EPDM rubber roll.
22.2 Deformation properties for increasing the thickness of the waterproof layer The elongation properties of the waterproofing membrane are related to the material and the thickness. The greater the thickness, the greater the AD*, which is also one aspect of multi-channel waterproofing superior to a single waterproof layer. However, this is not absolutely waterproof to the external walls of the building. It is not appropriate to increase the thickness excessively. The thickness affects the air permeability of the wall, and the excessively thick waterproof layer is also not conducive to the vertical surface adhesion, and is easily peeled off, for example, commonly used in Wuxi. In the selection of LYX-603 chlorinated polyethylene-rubber waterproofing membranes, considering the different base layer expansion ratios, 1. 5mm thick coils are generally used on roofs, and 1.2mm thick rolls are used on the outer walls of basements. Materials, the use of effects are ideal 22.3 Select the appropriate construction process and reasonable structural measures blindly by improving the performance of the material itself to improve the waterproof performance is neither reasonable nor economic. The deformation of the same type of waterproof material with different sizes is certainly different. The larger the size, the greater the total deformation. To do this is to reduce the adhesion of the waterproof layer to the base layer, which may be contrary to the customary understanding of stickiness. The knot is not as firm as possible. The purpose of the bonding is only to prevent the waterproof layer and the base layer from falling off. The adhesion of the waterproof layer is appropriately reduced. When the base layer is deformed, a certain peeling occurs, and the geometrical size of the waterproof material involved in the deformation can be increased. If the adhesive force is too large, the waterproof layer will be difficult to peel off, which will cause stress concentration, resulting in the destruction of the waterproof layer. Therefore, according to the deformation of the base layer in the actual project, appropriate construction techniques should be used to improve the waterproof performance of the building. Waterproof construction method can be fully sticky, local paste (point sticking, sticking) loose-pressing method. The traditional concept of understanding, the whole sticking method is the most acceptable, through the above analysis, partial sticking method, loose stick pressing top method also has its rationality full sticking method suitable for humans on the roof, but the construction cost is high and requires the volume The ductility of the material is better; the loose paving method allows the roof structure to telescopically move, the water vapor evaporates, and is easy to pass through but increases the weight of the roof. Poor visibility e partial paste method has the advantages of the first two, but also avoids t The shortcomings of both k are worth promoting. The roof refurbishment of the 35 kV power distribution equipment room of the kV Tongtou Substation and the roof refurbishment of the 35kV power distribution equipment room of the 220kV Yixing substation in 1987 were all performed using the loose-ply roofing method (every other 2m section is set to 150mm. Nowadays, waterproof construction of newly-built buildings generally adopts full-adhesion method, but in the construction processing of roof expansion joints and coils, it is also possible to adopt loose-leaving treatment methods. The effect is ideally set for the reinforcement layer. Reinforced parts: yin and yang angles, plate end seams, gutters, gutters, water fallouts, overflow outlets, waterproof layer closures, entrances and exits, through the waterproof layer pipelines, top seams, backspouts, heads, drainage Ditch, sump door and window frame, Lines, facilities, etc. Concrete cracks in the base structure, etc. For particularly important buildings, it is possible to use two layers of membranes to increase the waterproof performance on the one hand to increase the line of defense, on the other hand there is a sliding space between the two layers of the membrane. 3, Conclusions From the experience of engineering practice, due to the continuous improvement of the construction process and the use of new types of waterproofing membranes, the leakage problem of waterproofing works is now well solved.
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