Recently, the Advanced Materials Center of Institute of Applied Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei Institute of Materials Science has made new progress in the electromagnetic shielding performance of open-cell phenolic carbon foam, and obtained a three-dimensional open pore structure on a phenolic foam composite foam matrix with closed-cell electrical insulation properties. The composite carbon foam material, the obtained material is not only ultra-light and has very good prospects in the application of electromagnetic shielding.
Compared with traditional metal-based shielding materials, these materials are only good as thermal insulation materials because of their excellent properties such as light weight, easy processing, corrosion resistance, low cost, self-inflammability, and high residual carbon rate. Because of the very poor conductivity of these structural materials, they cannot be used in the field of electromagnetic shielding. Therefore, the functionalization of polymer foams has attracted widespread attention. In response to the above problems, the research group developed a simple in-situ polymerization method to compound nano-Fe3O4 with conductive carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and microwave absorption into a phenolic foam to prepare a functionalized phenolic composite foam. This phenolic composite foam has certain electrical conductivity and electromagnetic shielding properties (figure h), but it still cannot meet the demand. Then a phenolic composite foam was treated by high-temperature carbonization to prepare a carbon foam composite material. At this time, part of the nano-Fe3O4 was oxidized to a-Fe2O3/g-Fe2O3. This carbon foam composite has a three-dimensional open-cell carbon skeleton structure (Fig. b), and CNTs are uniformly dispersed on the surface of the carbon skeleton (Fig. c). Three kinds of conductive networks are constructed from these carbon skeletons, CNTs on the surface of the skeleton, and CNTs-Fe3O4 ( Figure dg) makes this carbon foam composite very high conductivity (3.6 S/cm). Since the nano-Fe3O4 and g-Fe2O3 have a wave-absorbing function and a high electrical conductivity, the electromagnetic shielding efficiency of this carbon foam composite (thickness 2 mm) is as high as 62 dB (Figure i). Therefore, the prepared ultra-light carbon foam composite has a very broad application prospect in the field of electromagnetic shielding needs.
The relevant research results were published in Carbon (2016, 104: 90-105) in the title of Open-cell phenolic carbon foam and electromagnetic interference shielding properties. The research work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
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