The direct cause of the decline in the number of high-grade cotton is that the cotton is mixed, mixed, mixed, mixed, regardless of the high and low moisture regain, mixed, mixed processing; the direct cause of serious heterogeneous fiber is cotton farmers, seed cotton acquisition brokers People's quality awareness is weak, mixed with foreign fibers in the production and acquisition, and cotton processing enterprises are not strictly checked, not strictly selected. When we think deeply about this, we will find that the reason for its deeper is that there are problems in China's cotton quality assurance system.
The price mechanism of high-quality cotton has not yet been formed. Cotton farmers, cotton purchasers, and processing enterprises have not earnestly done basic work such as “four pointsâ€, “one test and five decisionsâ€, picking out heterosexual fibers, grading, splitting, and rolling.
Because the difference between high grade cotton and low grade cotton is too small, it is not enough to make up for the cost or little effect of cotton farmers and cotton purchase and processing enterprises to obtain high grade cotton. Therefore, cotton farmers and cotton purchase and processing enterprises have not subdivided cotton grade according to the standard. Enthusiasm. Suggestions: First, the government formulates and implements a cotton subsidy method that is conducive to improving cotton farmers' optimized varieties and enthusiasm for cotton quality basic work. The cotton farmers receive the subsidies for the improved varieties by purchasing the cotton invoices promoted by the state; they receive the cotton subsidies based on the cotton vouchers marked with the quality quantity data of the seed cotton (reflecting the quality of their “four points†work), and the subsidy range should be supplemented by the quality theory. Second, the state introduced a guiding policy to increase the price of cotton, and formed a price mechanism for better cotton prices. The cotton-added enterprises will be given a “cotton upgrade/quality†subsidy to increase the enthusiasm of the cotton-added enterprises in accordance with the standard production. These policies have made it possible for cotton farmers and cotton purchase and processing enterprises to be profitable for doing basic work to ensure the quality of cotton. Our cotton quality has a foundation.
The implementation effect of the cotton operator qualification system is still not satisfactory, and it is still the weak link of the cotton quality assurance system.
The cotton operator qualification system is an administrative license. The system is a market access system for protecting cotton resources and improving the overall quality of cotton. It requires quality assurance capabilities, management systems and business premises for cotton operators to engage in cotton acquisition, processing, sales or storage. The review of funds, etc., grants the right to operate legally by operators with specified conditions, and at the same time rejects operators who do not pay attention to quality management and cannot guarantee the quality of cotton.
However, there are still some problems in the implementation of this system: First, the coverage of the cotton business operators, supervision and management work coverage is not complete. It is recommended that governments at all levels and cotton quality supervision departments attach importance to the supervision and management of seed cotton purchase brokers, identify and classify such personnel, conduct regular training, supervise and manage their performance of quality obligations, increase supervision and enforcement, and regulate seed cotton trading behavior. So that cotton acquisition and processing enterprises can fulfill their cotton quality obligations. Second, governments at all levels have not implemented macroeconomic regulation or control on the number of cotton processing enterprises in their jurisdictions, and their effects are not obvious, which has adversely affected the stable and orderly flow of cotton quality in the market. At present, the production capacity of cotton processing enterprises in various places greatly exceeds the cotton production, resulting in a shortage of cotton resources and smashing seed cotton. Therefore, cotton farmers do not need to “four points†and it is easy to sell cotton in their hands. It is recommended that government departments conduct research on the cotton planting situation in their respective jurisdictions, proceed from the development of the cotton industry, establish a cotton processing enterprise elimination system, and eliminate enterprises that have low quality awareness, fail to fulfill cotton quality obligations, and do not change their education. The number of enterprises will match the number of cotton-added enterprises with the actual production of cotton, avoid vicious competition, and establish a business environment that promotes healthy and sustainable development of the cotton industry. Third, the effectiveness of the qualification, review and quality supervision and management of cotton processing enterprises needs to be improved. At present, there are phenomena such as contractors and processing customers in cotton processing enterprises. The quality awareness of these real cotton-plus enterprise operators is indifferent. In order to reduce production costs, it is not suitable or less equipped with technicians. . Suggestion: In the qualification certification and quality supervision and management of cotton processing enterprises, it is necessary to innovate the management mode for the new situation, and the enterprises with contractors and processing customers as the focus of quality supervision and management to ensure that they fulfill their cotton quality obligations. It is recommended that the cotton quality supervision department establish a concept of quality, strengthen communication and coordination with local governments and industry associations, build local governments, strengthen departmental cooperation, and give full play to the initiative of the society, so that our cotton quality assurance system is in cotton. The business chain plays a bigger role.
The quality indicators provided by the cotton public inspection certificate still can not meet the needs of cotton enterprises, and the effectiveness of cotton instrumentation public inspection can be further improved.
The effectiveness of cotton instrumentation public inspection data is reflected in two aspects: First, the cotton quality analysis report has become an important basis for national macro-decision; second, the cotton public inspection certificate has become an important basis for cotton enterprises to use cotton, thus becoming a trade between the two sides. An important basis for settlement. At present, the coverage rate of instrumentalized public inspection has reached more than 90% of cotton production. The data is objective, fair and accurate. There is no doubt as a source of data for China's cotton quality analysis report. However, the current cotton public inspection certificate has not been used as an important basis for most cotton companies to match cotton and design process parameters, thus greatly reducing the effectiveness of the public inspection certificate. The main reason is that the quality indicators provided by the public inspection certificate still can not meet the needs of the cotton enterprises. The cotton enterprises still need self-inspection for the incoming cotton, and use the self-test data as the basis for the cotton blending and design process parameters. If we use cotton enterprises to match cotton and design process parameters, the raw cotton quality indicators are provided to the cotton enterprises in the form of public inspection certificates. The cotton enterprises will not need to invest in the self-built raw cotton testing laboratory, they can directly rely on the public inspection. The certificate is designed for cotton, clearing and carding.
Cotton notarization test replaces the self-inspection of cotton enterprises - it will reduce the cost of cotton used by cotton enterprises, and the public inspection certificate will become an indispensable material for cotton enterprises. Cotton notarization will become an indispensable trade between buyers and sellers. The link is of great significance to the establishment of a trading atmosphere of qualitative, fair and just, maintaining the legitimate rights and interests of both parties, reducing the cost of cotton enterprises, and promoting the healthy development of the cotton industry and the textile industry. When a cotton company needs a public inspection certificate, the problem of bar code loss on the cotton bag will be solved.
Judging from the demand of cotton enterprises, the first is that the cotton quality index provided by the cotton public inspection certificate still lacks the short fiber content of cotton. (Recommendation: The short fiber index measured by HVI can be directly added to the public inspection certificate and the current cotton can be modified. The standard can increase the cotton short fiber content index), the cotton content (the results of the Xilai analyzer test), the content of the five pests (the need to carry out the instrumentation detection method including the cotton knot and other five points, etc., etc. After the conditions are mature, add the notarized test), cotton fiber linear density (recommendation: according to the cotton clone value of different cotton types, the linear value of the cotton has a certain correlation, you can convert the micronaire value of HVI detection into linear density index, join the public Inspection certificate). Second, the moisture regain index and the net weight of cotton bales provided by the current public inspection certificate are provided by cotton processing enterprises. When using cotton enterprises for self-inspection, it is found that the data provided by many enterprises is not credible, so it is not feasible as a basis for cotton blending. Some cotton-added companies have done a lot of work on the online moisture regain test probes, forged moisture regain, counterfeit barcodes, and counterfeit cotton bales, which have caused adverse effects in the cotton industry. Because there is no third-party test data, the contradiction between the two parties is determined by the market, which is not conducive to fair trade between the two parties and harm to the legitimate rights and interests of one party. It is recommended to implement the public inspection of sales and land in areas where cotton enterprises are relatively concentrated, to resolve the contradiction between supply and demand, and to compare the results of public inspection data with the self-inspection data of cotton processing enterprises as the basis for judging the honesty and trustworthiness of cotton processing enterprises, and publish them regularly. The cotton-and-white enterprises are black and red, and they urge the cotton and cotton enterprises to be honest and trustworthy.
The establishment of a modern cotton professional warehouse is one of the bottlenecks in the use of HVI data sets for batching and blending.
Because the HVI test results lag behind the production line, cotton-added enterprises can only stack first according to production shifts. If batches are submitted according to HVI test results, they need to be dismantled and picked up, which increases the cost and limits the site conditions. Therefore, cotton-added enterprises It is more difficult to group the batch according to the HVI public inspection result and the buyer's request. In this way, most of the cotton purchased by cotton enterprises is still approved according to shifts. If cotton is blended according to HVI data, it needs to be dismantled and picked up. The warehouse of the enterprise is limited and the cost is also increased. Therefore, the cotton is packed according to HVI data. Most cotton companies cannot achieve this. The establishment of a modern cotton professional warehouse is an indispensable part of the realization of HVI data matching cotton. Recommendation: Innovative mechanism, multi-party attracting funds to establish a modern cotton professional warehouse supervision system, which is conducive to the bank supervision of loan pledge substances, and enables enterprises to achieve cotton matching cotton according to HVI test results, improve the effectiveness of cotton public inspection data.
In summary, in the fourteen years since the reform of the cotton circulation system, our cotton notarization inspection system has been established. The Regulations on Cotton Quality Supervision and Management have made our cotton quality supervision work legally compliant, and the cotton inspection system reform has enabled China's cotton inspection. Technology has reached the world's advanced level. However, there are many new situations and new problems in the cotton industry under the market economy. The quality of cotton in China is still not satisfactory. Our cotton quality assurance system still needs to be improved. How to guide cotton farmers and cotton-added enterprises to do a good job in cotton quality; Guide cotton enterprises to use HVI test results to match cotton, reduce costs and improve enterprise competitiveness; how to improve the competitiveness of China's cotton industry and textile industry is a problem that we all need to seriously consider.
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