Analysis of "software and hardware" of intelligent laser cutting control system

For high-power laser cutting metal materials, there are many factors affecting the quality of cutting. In summary, there are mainly the geometrical accuracy of the equipment itself, such as the dynamic rigidity and acceleration of the moving shaft; the laser beam mode and quality, the performance of optical components, The stability of the light guiding system and the common power, speed, nozzle spacing, nozzle aperture, cutting aid gas purity and air pressure, optical path distance, focal length and size of the focused spot, etc., of course, the subroutine when "knife" The programming path is also critical. In addition, due to the difference in material, plate thickness and material surface state, there are many unpredictable variables in the laser cutting process, which will affect the stability and final quality during the cutting process. In view of some of the above unpredictable influencing factors, the real-time intelligent control system in the cutting process is studied, and no manual intervention in the cutting process is required (except for some accidental touch alarms), so as to improve the stability of the cutting process, cutting efficiency and The purpose of cutting quality.

Hardware composition of intelligent cutting system

(1) Intelligent cutting control system

It is used to timely analyze the data fed back by the cutting status monitor, and adjust the cutting parameters in real time, and control the cutting auxiliary gas component, and change the focus position to ensure the processing quality and improve the processing efficiency. When the cutting failure occurs, the processing can be terminated in time, and even the production of defective products can be eliminated.

(2) Cutting status monitor

It is used to monitor the position of the molten pool in the process, and obtain the raw data of the processing status and feed it back to the control system.

(3) Gas control system

Used to control the path and composition of the cutting aid gas.

(4) Optical control system

Used to control the beam divergence angle and focus position during laser processing.

Main functions and software development of intelligent cutting control system

(1) Focus search function

Due to errors in materials and dimensions, optical lenses (including light source window mirrors, collimating beam expanders, mirrors, and focusing mirrors) have minor differences in processing. These errors can cause different lens focus positions of the same specification. There are certain nuances. At the same time, when the laser cutting machine light guide system is installed, the various adjustment links and the type and cleanliness of the optical path gas will also cause the focus to drift. The intelligent cutting control system can automatically search and determine the focus position automatically. Compared with the previous manual adjustment methods, both efficiency and accuracy have been greatly improved. Accurate focus position is one of the key elements for achieving high quality and efficient cutting.

(2) High-speed perforation function

Perforation is a must-have preparation before laser cutting. For the traditional timed perforation process, there is a certain contradiction in efficiency and safety. To ensure that the perforation is completed quickly and reliably, a certain margin is usually left in the perforation time. In order to prevent the hole in the perforation process from exploding, the lens is contaminated. It also limits the punching power, but it also affects the piercing efficiency. In the intelligent cutting control system, since the perforation state can be monitored and controlled online, various process parameters can be predicted and controlled in advance before the occurrence of the molten pool blasting, and finally, the perforation can be completed at a high speed and high quality in a state of full power, and It can automatically judge the end of the perforation process, and perform subsequent cutting immediately after the end of the perforation, which greatly shortens the processing time, ensures the processing quality, and greatly reduces the influence of excess perforation energy on the ablation and thermal deformation of the bed. .

(3) Cutting condition monitoring function

When cutting thick metal materials, it is prone to bad cutting phenomenon such as burning or plasma cloud. This function can be used for real-time sampling analysis by detecting information such as actual cutting metal radiation, focus brightness, plasma concentration, etc. Before cutting or plasma cloud, automatically adjust the cutting parameters, realize automatic deceleration and then accelerate, or automatically retreat and then execute the program to avoid material loss; before the bad cutting or even failure, the processing can be terminated early, and a large amount of monitoring data can be generated. Provide a basis for process parameter improvement.

Conclusion

Intelligent cutting control system is the latest research result of Leading Laser Company. It integrates light, machine and electric technology. It is at the commanding height of laser cutting technology. The whole research and application is still in its infancy, and the traditional timing and quantitative open-loop processing The control method is changed to the closed-loop control processing method for online monitoring real-time analysis. The hardware potential of the existing laser processing platform is fully explored, the processing quality is stabilized without increasing the laser power and the machine speed, the processing efficiency is improved, and the energy loss and waste are reduced.