[Cause] When there is a lack of green feed in livestock and poultry diets, or when suffering from liver diseases and gastrointestinal diseases, fat substances are digested and absorbed, resulting in a decrease in the absorption of fat-soluble vitamin K. In the former case, a lot of hair was sent, and the latter case was mostly distributed. Large or long-term use of sulfa drugs and antibiotics can reduce the number of microbes in the gastrointestinal tract of livestock and poultry, causing insufficient synthesis of vitamin K to cause the disease.
[Diagnostic points] When vitamin K is deficient, it mainly shows prolonged clotting time and has hemorrhagic quality. The chicken feed lacks vitamin K, and symptoms appear after 2 to 3 weeks, mainly in the subcutaneous tissues, chest, legs, wings and even the abdominal cavity and gastrointestinal tract in various parts. The condition of bleeding is related to the severity of the disease. In severe cases, a large amount of bleeding can occur, causing severe anemia and systemic metabolic disorders in the chicken. The crown, meat, and skin are pale and dry. Severe intestinal bleeding occurs in diarrhea. Sick chickens often huddle and pile up and die soon. The experimental vitamin K deficiency in piglets is characterized by increased sensitivity, and anemia, anorexia, weakness, and prolonged clotting time. According to reports, the clinical characteristics of vitamin K deficiency in piglets are obvious swelling of the subcutaneous hemorrhage, lameness, severe anemia, gradual weight loss, lying down, and death within a few days. Long-term feeding of horses with dry, white hay, or long hay, can lead to a lack of response, and only a subclinical disease in cattle and other animals with vitamin K deficiency, similar bleeding Signs and clotting time are prolonged, but not as obvious and severe as chicks, so they are often used as a symptom of poisoning of hibiscus and warfarin.
[Prevention and treatment] The fundamental way to prevent this disease is to pay attention to the formulation of the diet. Each kilogram of feed is supplemented with vitamin K.5 mg, and the diseased chick is 3-8 mg, which has preventive and therapeutic effects. Timely treatment of gastrointestinal and liver diseases to improve the absorption and utilization of vitamin K. The application time of sulfonamides and antibiotics should not be too long, so as not to damage the gastrointestinal microbial synthesis of vitamin K. Vitamin K can be used to treat vitamin K deficiency in herds. The dosage is: pig 10 ~ 30 mg, chicken o. 5 ~ 2 mg, intramuscular injection. It is best to give calcium supplements at the same time.
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