[Western architectural style] characteristics of Renaissance architecture

The Renaissance architecture, especially the unprecedented prosperity of Italy, is a period of great development and great improvement in the history of world architecture. The following Xiao Bian took everyone together to understand some of the knowledge of Renaissance architecture, which features it has.

Introduction of Renaissance architecture

Renaissance architecture was born in Italy in the 14th century AD with the cultural movement of the Renaissance. Based on the critique of the supremacy of medieval gods and the affirmation of humanitarianism, the architect hopes to use classical proportions to reshape the order of coordination in an ideal classical society. Therefore, in general, Renaissance architecture emphasizes order and proportion. It has rigorous elevation and plane composition, and a pillar system inherited from classical architecture. It is an architectural style that has followed Gothic architecture in the history of European architecture. The 15th century was born in Italy and later spread to other parts of Europe to form renaissance buildings of various countries with their own characteristics. Italian Renaissance architecture occupies the most important position in Renaissance architecture.

Renaissance architectural style

The most obvious feature of the Renaissance architecture is to abandon the Gothic architectural style of the Middle Ages, and to re-use the pillar composition elements of ancient Greek and Roman times in religious and secular architecture.

Renaissance architects and artists believe that Gothic architecture is a symbol of Christian theocracy, while ancient Greek and Roman architecture is non-Christian. They believe that this kind of classical architecture, especially the classical column composition, embodies harmony and rationality, and has similarities with the human body. These are in line with the humanist concept of the Renaissance movement.

But the architects of Italian Renaissance are by no means ancient people. Although some people (such as Palladio and Vignola) in the works for the classical column formulate a strict specification. However, the architects at the time, including Palladio and Vignola himself, were not bound by the rules.

On the one hand, they use classical columns, on the other hand, they are flexible, bold and innovative, and even integrate architectural styles of various regions with classical columns. They also applied many of the scientific and technological achievements of the Renaissance, such as mechanical achievements, perspective laws in painting, new construction equipment, and so on, to architectural practice.

Renaissance architectural masterpiece

1, Medici House

The walls of Medici's residence are modeled after some of the medieval castles in the Middle Ages. The large stones at the bottom are only slightly roughened. The surface undulates 20 centimeters and the seams are wide. Although the two-story stone is flat, the joints are still 8 centimeters wide. There are no seams on the third floor. Its image is heavy.

In order to pursue a spectacular form, the façade along the street is screen-style and incongruous with the interior rooms. The bottom of the window sill is very high. There is a raised platform on the front of the leg and it is seated for the soldiers to reflect the sharp struggle inside the city. It is nearly 27 meters high and 1.85 meters.

2. Vicenza Round Hall Villa

Villa Rotonda is located in Vicenza, Italy and was designed by architect Palazzo in 1566. It is located on a high slope, the layout is centralized, square plane, the center is a rotunda, the surrounding space is completely symmetrical. The facade of this building is the same with the four front and rear facades. The buildings are tall and high, with all the same steps leading to the outdoors on all four sides. Make a porch at the doorway and drag the top of the mountain flowers with six Ionic columns. The construction is concise and generous, and the proportion of each part is said to be rigorous. The porch becomes an excessive space both indoors and outdoors, making the interior space of the building transition to the outdoor garden with a sense of harmony. It does not feel blunt. This is also a method of setting up a villa in a round hall.

The biggest feature of this round hall villa is absolute symmetry. From a plan view, the rooms around the central rotunda are symmetrical, and even the entrance hall at the end of the Greek cross-shaped four-armed hall is exactly the same. This building is integrated with the natural environment, giving a pure, dignified and noble beauty, but also poetic.

3. Fontainebleau Palace

Fontainebleau is one of the largest royal palaces in France. “Fontainbleud is French for “beautiful springs.” In Western museums, collecting and displaying the treasures of Yuanmingyuan is the most important and the most important is Fontainebleau Palace. The China Pavilion can be said to be the reproduction of Yuanmingyuan in the West.

The Fontainebleau Palace is located in a 170 square kilometer forest with an area of ​​0.84 square kilometers. It is famous for its architecture and green forests that blend the Renaissance and French traditions. The Fontainebleau complex consists of a main tower of a feudal castle, a palace built by the kings of the Six Dynasties, five inequal courtyards, and four distinctive gardens. The main buildings include fountains, promenades, caves, and ballrooms. The pool is centrally located in the garden. Due to the large number of Fontainebleau palaces, the Fontainebleau Museum offers two tourist routes for visitors to choose from. From the perspective of architectural art, Fontainebleau can be said to be one of the masterpieces of French classical architecture. The architectural styles of various periods have left a mark here.

Summary: The above is the content of the characteristics of the Renaissance architectural style introduced by Xiao Bian. We hope that we can help you effectively. For more information, please pay attention to this website.

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